10. The Enigmatic Lowland Streaked Tenrec: Madagascar's Quilled Marvel

The lowland streaked tenrec (Hemicentetes semispinosus), endemic to Madagascar, is a small, extraordinary mammal. Hedgehog-like in appearance, it belongs to a distinct island-evolved lineage. Its quills serve dual functions: barbed quills deter predators by detaching, while specialized quills produce high-frequency sounds for communication. This rare mammalian adaptation, called stridulation, sets it apart. An omnivore of insects, worms, and small vertebrates, it is nocturnal and may use echolocation-like cues to navigate dense forests. Deforestation threatens its survival, highlighting the urgency of protecting Madagascar’s unique biodiversity.
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